Orthoclase — Orthoclase
Orthoclase Didier Descouens, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY SA 4.0

Mineral · Feldspar group

Orthoclase

K(AlSi3O8)

Orthoclase is the monoclinic potassium feldspar, the pink to white mineral of granites that defines hardness 6; Carlsbad-twinned crystals from Colorado and Madagascar, Alpine adularia (with its moonstone sheen) and yellow gem orthoclase from Itrongay, Madagascar, are the collector forms. Two cleavages at 90° and blocky habit identify feldspars. Microcline is the triclinic twin.

FormulaK(AlSi3O8)
IMA statusgrandfathered
Crystal systemMonoclinic
Mohs hardness6
GroupFeldspar group
Type localityNone
StreakWhite
Specific gravity2.56
Reference listIMA List of Minerals (RRUFF) — verify formula and status against the current list

Elsewhere

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Orthoclase" (Mineral). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19. https://stratum.black/study/minerals/orthoclase. Accessed 2026-09-20.

@misc{stratum-orthoclase,
  title        = {Orthoclase},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/minerals/orthoclase}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Mineral article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19; sources: stratum, wikidata, commons. Accessed 2026-09-20.}
}

Citations carry the pack version and the article's as-of date so they resolve to the same text later. The facts themselves belong to the sources listed below; cite those for the science.

Sources for this article: Stratum editorial (Stratum editorial);Wikidata (CC0);Wikimedia Commons (CC-BY-4.0). As of 2026-09-19; Study pack 2026.09. Data reproduced under the licences shown; text in Stratum's own words unless a section names its source.

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