Hawthorn Group — Hawthorn Group
Hawthorn Group Noles1984, Wikimedia Commons, Public domain (US)

Group · Neogene

Hawthorn Group

Miocene unit, Florida · Georgia · South Carolina

The Hawthorn Group is the Miocene phosphatic shelf sequence of Florida, Georgia and the Carolinas that parents the Bone Valley and Peace River deposits and the shark-tooth beds of the Cooper River. For collectors it is the source label for most southeastern US megalodon, mako, Hemipristis and tiger shark teeth, dugong bone and whale material. Colour and preservation vary by river and county, so record the specific site.

CountryUnited States
RegionFlorida, Georgia, South Carolina
AgeMiocene
Age range~25–5 Ma
GroupHawthorn Group
Macrostrat rankGp· Macrostrat
Macrostrat age17.7–16.5 Ma· Macrostrat
Lithologysand, siliciclastic, phosphorite, clay· Macrostrat
Environmentmarine, deltaic indet., coastal indet., fluvial indet.· Macrostrat
Macrostrat columns4 column(s) sampled from 8 unit(s)· Macrostrat
Members (Macrostrat)Bone Valley, Ebenezer, Screven· Macrostrat
PBDB collections110 collections, 1235 occurrences· Paleobiology Database

Collecting and legality

Hawthorn exposures are creek beds and quarries; Florida's vertebrate permit applies on state lands and waters, and quarries require owner permission. Georgia and South Carolina river sites have their own rules (South Carolina requires a hobby licence for diving).

Lithology and setting

Phosphatic clays, sands, dolostones and limestones of a Miocene shelf across the southeastern coastal plain; the Bone Valley and Peace River formations are its upper members in Florida.

Commonly recorded taxa (PBDB)

Genera most often recorded from this unit in the Paleobiology Database (first 200 occurrences): Calippus (13), Cormohipparion (13), Nannippus (11), Neohipparion (10), Borophagus (9), Pomatodelphis (9), Pseudhipparion (8), Ostrea (7), Dinohippus (5), Enhydritherium (5), Desmathyus (4), Hexameryx (4), Mammut (4), Abertella (3), Camelidae (3).

Source: Paleobiology Database

Elsewhere

Cite this article

Stratum Study. "Hawthorn Group" (Formation). Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19. https://stratum.black/study/formations/hawthorn-group. Accessed 2026-09-20.

@misc{stratum-hawthorn-group,
  title        = {Hawthorn Group},
  author       = {{Stratum Study}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://stratum.black/study/formations/hawthorn-group}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Formation article, Stratum Study pack 2026.09, as of 2026-09-19; sources: stratum, macrostrat, pbdb, wikidata, commons. Accessed 2026-09-20.}
}

Citations carry the pack version and the article's as-of date so they resolve to the same text later. The facts themselves belong to the sources listed below; cite those for the science.